b.r.m. IT & Aerospace

The terms 'web page' and 'website' are often incorrectly used interchangeably. Where the 'website' describes the entirety of an Internet presence, the 'web page' refers to a single document that can be called up with the help of a unique URL (Uniform Resource Locator). It is therefore a standardized document that is usually written in HTML (Hypertext...

Information theorists call everything that is superfluous in a data set simply 'redundant'. They initially regard these duplications as annoying because they only unnecessarily inflate databases without adding information. Almost every message contains such redundancies, which could be omitted without harming the information content. IT programmers call such redundancies...

The Domain Name System Security Extensions (DNSSEC) methodology was introduced to provide increased protection against cache poisoning. It should no longer be so easy to attack the Domain Name System (DNS), an abuse that has often redirected data traffic to a foreign computer. Denial of service attacks...

Fake sender IDs in email correspondence have become a plague - mainly because they are so easy to forge. In principle, any layman can create a new 'war name', a 'pseudo', in the browser. The astonished users then often even receive an email from themselves that they never wrote. The method of fake...

Data protection must be kept strictly separate from data security, information security or IT security. Data protection in the IT sector is about protecting people's privacy, i.e. their 'informational self-determination'. It is about ensuring that their data is not used improperly, for example in the case of a flourishing trade in...

The Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) has long been the encryption protocol for secure data transmission on the internet. However, the cryptological lead is only ever razor-thin and hackers are always hot on the heels of security experts. Which is why the old SSL protocol has now been replaced by Transport Layer Security (TLS). However, the principle remains the same: if a client...

There are many definitions of IT service. In essence, they all agree that this service must be based on information technology, that it must streamline the customer's business processes profitably and that it is the responsibility of a provider. Customers recognize good IT services because they usually don't even notice them. So that his...

Basically, passwords have no place on the hard disk. They should also be complicated and contain a number of special characters. Words such as 'I', 'boss' or the name of your esteemed wife are virtually an invitation to phishing. In phishing, an unauthorized and anonymous source tries to 'tap' such and other data. Often via fake emails, which are then...

EcoStep was developed together with companies and is an offer to all small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with up to 250 employees that want to optimize their operational processes and take environmental and occupational health and safety aspects into account. EcoStep 5.1 is a practice-oriented alternative to the conventional ISO standards. It uses the...

The entire life cycle of data centers was taken into account by the "TEMPRO" project Using energy and raw materials in data centers more efficiently - this is the goal of the "Total Energy Management for Professional Data Centers" (TEMPRO) project, which was successfully launched in October 2019.

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Not every workstation needs a fully equipped PC with all the technical refinements. A 'thin client' is a desktop computer that has no moving parts at all, i.e. no hard disk, DVD drive etc.. Instead, it uses resources from the connected data center, which saves a considerable amount of energy. Any processing of data...

Since June 1, 2011, we have been using 100% renewable electricity generated from hydropower. We therefore operate a natural IT service. This sustainable approach of an energy-efficient data center that relies on renewable energy, in combination with the green IT concept, makes us the ideal partner for a growing number of companies that are looking for...

There are many competing names for permanent storage media in the IT sector: Hard disk, hard disk drive (HDD) or simply hard disc (HD). These are magnetic storage media with rotating disks ('platters') on which data is stored without contact. Recently, there have also been solid state drives (SSD) that no longer contain any moving parts. These...

Data loss There are many causes of data loss: hardware defects, software failures, inadequate backups, cyber attacks, fire or water damage. Accidental deletion of the contents of a hard disk can also occur. Data loss can threaten a company's existence due to production downtime and damage to its image. Blackmail "Pay 30 Bitcoin,...

Since its foundation by Harald Rossol in October 1991, b.r.m. Technologie- und Managementberatung has developed into a sought-after IT service company for the region and beyond - especially for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Centrally located in the 'Bremer Überseestadt', we are quickly on site in the event of a problem, with years of experience in all...

Article 28 of the GDPR, Section 26 of the Federal Data Protection Act (2018) and Section 80 of the Tenth Book of the Social Security Act regulate 'data processing by order' or 'order processing (AV)' in Germany. They govern the 'outsourcing' of data processing contracts to external third parties. Order processing replaces 'order data processing (ADV)' from the "old"...

The term sustainability originates from 19th century forestry: a forest should always be managed in such a way that, firstly, the biotope remains healthy and undiminished and, secondly, the timber yield does not decrease over the generations. Sustainability therefore describes a method of management. Subsequently, this principle was applied to other branches of...

It is not without good reason that the CPU is referred to as the 'heart' of a computer. The central processing unit (CPU) or central processing unit (CPU) is a programmed and miniaturized computing chip which - according to its 'architecture' of semiconductors (or 'transistors') - can process defined computing processes ('algorithms'). CPUs are by no means only found in computers,...

Blade servers are based on the idea of operating several computers on a single power supply, on a single shared storage medium and with a single ventilation system. This saves space, energy and simplifies the system architecture. The circuit boards with the microprocessors and RAM are pushed into the server side by side like 'blades'. More than...

IT consultants are doubly talented: they must be able to combine extensive digital engineering knowledge with the business acumen of a management consultant. No wonder that good IT consulting is one of the most sought-after services with a turnover in the billions. As an IT consultancy, b.r.m. has specialized in a market niche. With us, there are no telephone waiting loops,...

The new European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) was not on the radar of many companies and internet users for too long. The first draft dates back to 2012, the new paragraphs were adopted in April 2016 and the GDPR will now come into force on May 25, 2018. A lot of time has passed since then. The aim of the regulation is to harmonize data protection across Europe...

In essence, the pseudonymization of data is a weakened form of anonymization. In the latter, data is changed in such a way that it can no longer be assigned to an individual. In pseudonymization, only the name or other identifiers are replaced by a 'code' - usually a multi-digit sequence of letters and numbers. The identification of the person is...

Another term for WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) is also 'WiFi'. In both cases, it is a method of wireless data transmission in a local area. The range of a WLAN depends on the radiation power and the type of environment. The domestic transmission power in Germany is between 100 and 500 mW and thus covers an area of 30...

In Germany, the tasks and activities of an internal or external data protection officer are governed by Sections 4f and 4g of the Federal Data Protection Act (BDSG). There are also regulations under state law. The data protection officer is responsible for monitoring compliance with the BDSG and other laws (Telemedia Act (TMG) or Telecommunications Act (TKG)). The data protection officer...

Today, hardly any business idea can be realized without resorting to digital support. IT solutions are concerned with how you can strategically and economically realize your plans in the network world. For example, consulting services cover the technology and software to be used, in-depth knowledge of the market and cost issues, which means that every...

Good ideas are like children: they are born small and grow up over the years. In our case too, it started out as a mere seed, which then - as in a supersaturated solution - grew into a large crystal of consequences. The progress simply began with pent-up anger about excessive electricity bills for the company's own data center. As a result...

Everyone is familiar with the dubious attachments in e-mails, where you don't know whether they contain malicious code or not. The solution for checking a possible destructive effect is called a 'sandbox'. Just as generals used to play out the expected course of a battle in a sandbox, the impact is first analyzed in a quarantine area....

In Germany, Section 11 of the Federal Data Protection Act and Section 80 of the Tenth Book of the Social Security Act regulate 'commissioned data processing' or 'commissioned data processing (ADV)'. They determine the 'outsourcing' of data processing orders to external third parties. Since 2009, the Federal Data Protection Act has provided the legal framework for data processing...

Glass fibers are created when long, thin fibers are drawn from a silicate melt. These light-conducting media are then used in optics and laser technology, but are also increasingly used in data technology. It is above all the unheard-of 'bandwidth' of up to 100 TBit/s that makes fiber optic cables the ideal data transmission medium. Glass fibers consist of a...

Without a unique address, no message would reach the recipient, even on the Internet. A 'domain' is a coherent sub-area within the Internet hierarchy that allows such exact addressing. The names of the domains - if not already assigned - can be freely chosen by network customers. The responsible registry is the NIC (Network Information Center) of the...

The 'Domain Name System' (DNS) is essentially an information service that manages addresses in the 'namespace' of the Internet and thus directs user queries to the right destination. The user enters a reasonably comprehensible query - such as the URL 'brm.de' - and the DNS then converts this text into a long number combination in one of hundreds of thousands of 'name servers',...

A cluster is a computer network consisting of networked IT machines. Different forms of networking are used depending on the intended use. A high-availability cluster (HAC) ensures constant availability and a high level of reliability. If a problem occurs in one node of the network, all running services migrate to another node. Both the hardware and...

Everyone is familiar with the phenomenon that led to 'blacklisting': that myriad of annoying spam emails that clog up your inbox in the morning. To ward off this unwanted garbage, DNS-based Blackhole Lists (DNSBL) were created, which compare addresses used with suspected cases in real time (with the Real Time Blackhole Lists - RBL). The Domain Name System (DNS) is...

A service is any support that is not based on an exchange of goods or merchandise. The user does not buy 'tangible things' from service providers, but primarily expertise and experience. Such services are therefore essentially 'immaterial', even if concepts or carrier media are handed over at the end. The classic services...

Twenty years ago, nobody would have thought that a single click of the finger would become one of the most important key figures on the Internet. The mouse click not only guides users through the vast space of the Internet, it has also become the universally accepted 'currency' in e-commerce, because on the one hand it at least signals 'interest', and on the other hand it...

Following the debate on data transfer outside Europe, the EU initially favored the Safe Harbor Agreement with the US government. When the European Court of Justice declared this agreement invalid due to obvious shortcomings in the transfer of personal data, the "EU-US Privacy Shield" came into force on July 12, 2016. The Obama administration had previously...

The good old 'advertising prices' have become pretty irrelevant on the Internet. Advertising is done with banners, and payment is based on the number of mouse clicks. The click-through rate (CTR) has thus become the new key figure in Internet marketing. If, for example, a page with an advertising banner is called up a hundred times and the banner is clicked once, then this 'click-through rate' is one...

Page views - or page impressions - measure the number of views of online content. It is primarily a commercial key figure that is determined monthly by the 'Gesellschaft für die Verbreitung von Werbeträgern e.V.' (IVW). Anyone who participates in the process is also subject to the IVW regulations. The IVW figures are particularly important for media providers,...

With greylisting, an email that has come under suspicion is initially held back by the provider. However, the recipient receives an automatic message about the process and can - if they wish - subsequently release the mail within a certain period of time. Greylisting is therefore an IT service that was developed to prevent the erroneous deletion of emails....

Anyone who uses IT services on the Internet today for administration or business transactions must comply with a number of legal regulations. These are referred to as IT compliance. Above all, information security, availability, data retention and data protection must be observed. The laws that must be observed include, among others The...

Being available at all times - that is the blessing (and for some, the curse) of modern communication technology. Today's world demands access to essential data from any location: on construction sites or in the field, with a cell phone, smartphone or on site at the customer's premises on a monitor. Our online service proDelta opens up these possibilities for administrations and companies....

Marketing on the web has become a confusing affair and the old laws no longer apply. The new currency on the web is called cost-per-click (CPR): The advertiser now only pays for those customers who actually call up his offer and no longer for an agency's unique creative service. With CPC, placement is the new commodity. Advertising for a product on...

Transport Layer Security (TLS) has replaced the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), while retaining many of its functions. TLS is an attempt to create a high-security wing for transmitted data on the internet. Five protocols are intended to guarantee security and data integrity on the Internet. In the case of TLS, too, improved versions follow in closer...

Droneday is a joint event organized by the states of Bremen and Lower Saxony and is the highlight of the northern German drone community. Guests from business, science, politics and administration are expected to attend. Specialist presentations, networking, an exhibition and flight demonstrations round off the Droneday. Our colleagues will be happy to answer any questions you may have.

Metaphorically speaking, the hardware is just the calculating machine with a keyboard; it is the software that writes its novel on it. Software' is a collective term for 'programs' or 'algorithms' that tell the machine what to do and how to do it. The software then turns a computer into the customized tool that makes our lives easier.